Nové údaje o supergénnych mineráloch z ložiska Banská Štiavnica (Slovenská republika)
New data on supergene minerals from the Banská Štiavnica deposit (Slovak Republic)
Klíčová slova
Abstrakt
An interesting association of recently formed supergene minerals represented by brianyoungite, brochantite, cerussite, linarite, serpierite, sulphur and uranophane was identified at the Banská Štiavnica deposit, Slovakia. Brianyoungite is relatively abundant mineral at the small occurrence of uranium mineralization, which is situated close to the Ferdinand shaft on the 12th level of Nová shaft. Minor amounts of brianyoungite were also observed at the occurrence located on the 3rd level of Nová shaft. It forms thin, finely crystalline coatings with white colour and silky to pearly lustre, which consist of individual thin tabular to platy crystals up to 30 µm in size. Occurrence of brianyoungite is at the both places strictly restricted to accumulations of sphalerite and gypsum is only directly associated supergene phase. Brianyoungite was identified by PXRD and its refined unit-cell parameters (for the monoclinic space group P21/m) are: a 15.714(10) Å, b 6.242(8) Å, c 5.422(9) Å, β 89.2(1) and V 532(1) Å3. Brochantite occurs as bright to emerald green, finely crystalline coatings associated with linarite and cerussite (from the abandoned stope on Bieber vein in the Michal adit, which is located behind the Berggericht building) or gypsum, linarite and serpierite (from the 3rd level of Nová shaft). Its unit-cell parameters refined from the powder X-ray data (for the monoclinic space group P21/a) are: a 13.090(4) Å, b 9.840(2) Å, c 6.015(2) Å, β 103.36(3)° and V 753.8(4) Å3. Cerussite is relatively common mineral in the abandoned stope located on the Bieber vein in the Michal adit, which is situated behind the Berggericht building. It was found as white acicular crystals up to 1.5 cm in size on fractures and in the cavities of quartz-sulphide gangue, often together with brochantite and linarite. The unit-cell parameters of cerussite refined from the powder X-ray diffraction data (for the orthorhombic space group Pmcn) are: a 5.176(3) Å, b 8.491(4) Å, c 6.143(3) Å and V 270.0(2) Å3. Linarite occurs as bright blue coatings or aggregates of well-developed prismatic crystals up 3 mm in size on fractures of quartz-sulphide gangue from the abandoned stope in Michal adit. Microscopic aggregates of linarite were also observed together with brochantite, gypsum and serpierite on the 3rd level of the Nová shaft. It was identified by PXRD and its refined unit-cell parameters (for the monoclinic space group P21/m) are: a 9.6960(15) Å, b 5.6501(9) Å, c 4.6876(6) Å, β 102.63(2)° and V 250.57(6) Å3. Serpierite was found as relatively common mineral on the walls of tunnel, which is following Terézia vein on the 12th level of Nová shaft. It forms pale to sky blue crystalline crusts, which consists of well-developed, thin tabular crystals up to 1 mm in size, associated with aragonite and gypsum. It also occurs as sky blue radial aggregates up to 3 mm in size on the 3rd level of Nová shaft together with brochantite, gypsum and linarite. The unit-cell parameters of serpierite (from the 12th level of Nová shaft) refined from the powder X-ray diffraction data (for the monoclinic space group C2/c) are: a 22.180(8) Å, b 6.251(2) Å, c 21.846(6) Å, β 113.4(6)° and V 2781(1) Å3. Serpierite from the 12th level of Nová shaft has variable Zn content (from 0.99 to 1.23 apfu, with Zn/Cu ratio ranging from 0.32 to 0.43) and it also contain minor amounts of Mn (up to 0.05 apfu) and As (do 0.01 apfu). Serpierite from the 3rd level of Nová shaft has slightly lower content of Zn (0.78 - 0.84 apfu, with Zn/Cu ration ranging from 0.24 up to 0.26), but slightly higher content of Mn (up to 0.07 apfu) and locally also Mg (up to 0.02 apfu). Sulphur is very rare mineral at the small occurrence of uranium mineralization located on the 12th level of the Nová shaft, not far from the Ferdinand shaft. It forms pale yellow rounded crystals up to 0.1 mm in size resting on crystalline jarosite or goethite inside of the cavity of quartz-sulphide veinlet. Its unit-cell parameters refined from the powder X-ray data for the orthorhombic space group Fddd) are: a 10.469(4) Å, b 12.870(4) Å, c 24.493(9) Å and V 3300(2) Å3. Uranophane was rarely observed at the small occurrence of uranium mineralization located on the 12th level of the Nová shaft as irregular aggregates of acicular crystals up to 80 μm in size, which are replacing collomorph aggregates of coffinite with uraninite relicts. Its average (n=6) empirical formula is corresponding to (Ca0.93Na0.04K0.02Zn0.01)Σ1.00(UO2)2.01[(SiO3OH)1.98(SO4)0.02]Σ2.00·5H2O based on (Si+S) = 2 apfu.
Soubory
Reference
Antao SM, Hassan I (2009) The orthorhombic structure of CaCO3, SrCO3, PbCO3 and BaCO3: Linear structural trends. Can Mineral 47: 1245-1255
Bakos F, Chovan M (Eds) (2004) Zlato na Slovensku. 1-298, Slovenský skauting, Bratislava
Bancík T, Patúš M (2014) Výskyt sekundárnych minerálov medi a zinku na polymetalickom ložisku Banská Štiavnica. Minerál 22(6): 498-503
Born I (1772) Lithophylacium Bornianum: Index Fossilium quae Collegit, et in Classes ac Ordins Disposuit. 1-162, Wolfgangum Gerle, Prague
Effenberger H (1987) Crystal structure and chemical formula of schmiederite, Pb2Cu2(OH)4(SeO4), with a comparison to linarite PbCu(OH)2(SO4). Miner Petrol (36): 3-12
Faraone D, Sabelli C, Zanazzi PF (1967) Su du solfati basici idrati: serpierite e devillite. Atti Rend Accad Lincei 43: 369-382
Háber M, Jeleň S, Kovalenker V, Černyšev I (2001) Model epitermálneho zrudnenia banskoštiavnického rudného poľa. Miner Slov 33(3): 215-224
Háber M, Jeleň S, Shkolnik EL, Gorshkov AA, Zhegallo EA (2003) The participation of micro-organisms in the formation of todorokite from oxidation zone (Terézia vein, Banská Štiavnica deposit, Slovak Republic). Acta Miner-Petrogr, Abstract Series 1: 41
Helliwell M, Smith JV (1997) Brochantite. Acta Cryst C53: 1369-1371
Jeleň S, Háber M, Koděra P, Lexa J (2003) Ore mineralization of the Banská Štiavnica stratovolcano, Slovakia. Acta Miner-Petrogr, Abstract Series 1: 49
Koděra M (1956) Paragenéza a chemizmus Terézia žily v Banskej Štiavnici. Geol Práce Zoš 42: 3-110
Koděra M (1963) Gesetzmässigkeiten der zonalen Verteilung der Mineralisation in der subvulkanischen polymetallischen Lagerstätte Banská Štiavnica. In: Symposium: Problems of postmagmatic ore deposition. ÚÚG, Praha, 184-188.
Koděra M, Michalenko J, Pastor J (1966) Nové poznatky o metasomatickom zrudnení a jeho perspektívach na polymetalickom ložisku Banská Štiavnica. Geol Práce Zpr 39: 5-30
Konečný V, Lexa J (2001) Stavba a vývoj štiavnického stratovulkánu. Miner Slov 33(3): 179-196
Konečný V, Lexa J, Hojstričová V (1995) The Central Slovakian Volcanic Field: a review. Acta Vulcanol 7: 63-78
Kovalenker VA, Jeleň S, Levin KA, Naumov VB, Prokofyev VY, Rusinov VI (1991) Mineral assemblages and physical-chemical model of the formation of gold-silver-polymetallic mineralization on the deposit Banská Štiavnica (Central Slovakia). Geol Carpath 42(5): 291-302
Krause W, Täubler H (1992) Zum Kenntnisstand der Minerale Serpierit, Orthoserpierit und Devillin. Aufschluss 43: 1-25
Laugier J, Bochu B (2011) LMGP-Suite of Programs for the Interpretation of X-ray Experiments. http://www.ccp14.ac.uk/tutorial/lmgp.
Lexa J (2001) Metalogenéza štiavnického stratovulkánu. Miner Slov 33(3): 203-214
Lexa J, Štohl J, Konečný V (1999) The Banská Štiavnica ore district: relationship between metallogenic processes and the geological evolution of a stratovolcano. Miner Deposita 34(5-6): 639-654
Livingstone A, Champness PE (1993) Brianyoungite, a new mineral related to hydrozincite, from the north of England orefield. Mineral Mag 57: 665-670
Merlino S, Perchiazzi N, Franco D (2003) Brochantite, Cu4SO4(OH)6: OD character, polytypism and crystal structures. Eur J Mineral 15: 267-275
Milovská S, Luptáková J, Jeleň S, Biroň A, Lazor P, Polák Ľ (2014) Manganese oxides and oxyhydroxides from Banská Štiavnica, Ľubietová and Selce (Central Slovakia). CEMC 2014, Book of Abstracts, Skalský dvůr, 94-95
Ozdín D, Krejsek Š (2016) Famous mineral localities: Banská Štiavnica (Schemnitz, Selmecbánya), Slovak Republic. Min Rec 47(3): 254-318
Ozdín D, Kučerová G, Števko M, Milovská S (2014) Preliminary study of Mn-(hydro)xides in the Western Carpathians. CEMC 2014, Book of Abstracts, Skalský dvůr, 107-108
Pauliš P, Novák F, Janák P (2005) Serpierit a zinekrosasit z Herlíkovic u Vrchlabí. Opera Concont 42: 73-77
Pauliš P, Vrtiška L, Sejkora J, Malíková R, Hloušek J, Dvořák Z, Gramblička R, Pour O, Ludvík J (2015) Supergenní mineralizace skarnového cínového ložiska Zlatý Kopec v Krušných horách (Česká republika). Bull Mineral-Petrolog Odd Nár Muz (Praha) 23(2): 182-200
Pouchou JL, Pichoir F (1985) “PAP” (φρZ) procedure for improved quantitative microanalysis. In: Armstrong JT ed. Microbeam Analysis. San Francisco Press, San Francisco, 104-106
Rettig SJ, Trotter J (1987) Refinement of the Structure of Orthorombic Sulphur, α-S8. Acta Cryst C43: 2260-2262.
Russ A, Žitňan P, Kaňa R (2017) Beim Wachstum beobachtet: Sulfatmineralien aus Banská Stiavnica, Slowakei. Lapis 42(1): 10-19
Sabelli C, Zanazzi PF (1968) The crystal structure of serpierite. Acta Cryst B24: 1214-1221
Sejkora J, Šrein V (2012) Supergenní Cu mineralizace z Mědníku na Měděnci, Krušné hory (Česká republika). Bull Mineral-Petrolog Odd Nár Muz (Praha) 20(2): 255-269
Šamajová E, Hvožďara P (1970) Sekundárne sírany z Banskej Štiavnice. Acta Geol Geogr Univ Comen, Geol 19: 201-211
Števko M (2015) Nové nálezy na žilách v Hodruši-Hámroch. Minerál 23(5): 422-434
Števko M, Malíková R (2014) Supergénne minerály zo štôlne Juraj, Hodruša-Hámre (Slovenská republika). Bull Mineral-Petrolog Odd Nár Muz (Praha) 22(2): 261-268
Števko M, Gramblička R, Malíková R (2015) Nové údaje o supergénnych mineráloch z polymetalického ložiska Čavoj, Strážovské vrchy (Slovenská republika). Bull Mineral-Petrolog Odd Nár Muz (Praha) 23(1): 63-74
Števko M, Sejkora J, Malíková R, Ozdín D, Gargulák M, Mikuš T (2017) Supergénne minerály z kremeňovej žily pri Ochtinej, Spišsko-gemerské rudohorie (Slovenská republika). Bull Mineral Petrolog 25(1): 43-54
Števko M, Sejkora J, Plášil J (2012) Supergénna uránová mineralizácia na ložisku Banská Štiavnica (Slovenská republika). Bull Mineral-Petrolog Odd Nár Muz (Praha) 20(1): 110-120
Števko M, Tuček P, Sejkora J, Malíková R (2016) Supergénne minerály z Novej Anton žily, Hodruša-Hámre, Štiavnické vrchy (Slovenská republika). Bull Mineral-Petrolog Odd Nár Muz (Praha) 24(2): 183-193
Tóth M (1882) Magyarország ásványai különös tekintettel termőhelyeik megállapítására. 1-509, Hunyadi Mátyás, Budapest
Ulrich F (1923) Mineralogické paběrky z Báňské Štiavnice a okolí I. Čas Mineral Geol 1(2-3): 52-87
Vrtiška L, Pauliš P, Gramblička R, Sejkora J, Malíková R, Pour O (2017) Supergenní mineralizace rudního revíru Michalovy Hory (Česká republika). Bull Mineral Petrolog 25(2): 228-244
Zaharia L (2003) Serpierite Ca(Cu,Zn)4(OH)6(SO4)2·3H2O - the first occurrence in Romania. Studia Univers Babeş-Bolyai Geol 48(1): 77-84
Zepharovich V (1859) Mineralogisches Lexicon für das Kaiserthum Österreich. Band I. 1-627, Wilhelm Braumüller, Wien
Zipser Ch A (1817) Versuch eines topograhisch-mineralogischen Handbuches von Ungern. 1-440, Carl Friedrich Wigand, Oedenburg